PANAMA CITY, PANAMA (Piero Stewart, Energy Analytics Institute, 29.Apr.2022, Words: 108) — The purpose for upgrading Venezuela’s heavy and extra-heavy crude oil (EHCO) is to achieve substantial changes in values that determine the quality of the oil.
Such changes include: increasing the API value; reducing viscosity; reducing the content of sulfur, nitrogen, metals; and reducing the Conradson Carbon Residue (CCR), according to BEV C.A., formerly Baker Energy de Venezuela.